Tributaries of Indus River are the sub divisions of Indus River. Indus River is located in three different countries namely, Pakistan, India and China. Indus is a misnomer for Sindh Nadi, also known as the Sindhu in Sanskrit. The Indus River system is probably the first river system in India giving birth to the ancient Indus Valley Civilization. Therefore, Indus River is embedded in the history of India and has given the country its name.
Tributaries of Indus River are 19 in total and they are namely Beas River, Chenab River, Gar River, Gilgit River, Gomal River, Hunza River, Jhelum River, Kabul River, Kunar River, Kurram River, Panjnad River, Ravi River, Shyok River, Soan River, Suru River, Satluj River, Swat River, Zanskar River and Zhob River. Nine out of these 19 tributaries flow through the Indian subcontinent covering the portions of Punjab, Himachal Pradesh and Ladakh Region. The rivers are discussed in brief below.
Jhelum River
Jhelum River is one of the five rivers traversing the Indian state of Punjab. This tributary flows for a length of about 450 miles (725 kilometers). The river starts its journey from Verinag Spring at the foot of the Pir Panjal Range in the south eastern part of the Valley of Kashmir. Chenab River forms the mouth of Jhelum.
Chenab River
Chenab River is the result of the merging of the Chandra River and the Bhaga River. In the upper plains of Himachal Pradesh, it is also known as Chandrabhaga. The river has a length of approximately 960 km (597 mi). Its source is the Bara Lacha Pass. Chenab River joins Sutlej River to form Panjnad River.
Ravi River
Ravi River flows in India and Pakistan. The river has a length of about 720 km (450 mi). The source of the river is Chamba District of Himachal Pradesh and its mouth is the Chenab River.
Beas River
Beas River has a length of about 470 km (292 mi). Its source is Beas Kund in Himachal Pradesh and its mouth is Sutlej River.
Sutlej River
Sutlej River was known as Shatadru in the Vedic period. It is the longest of the four rivers namely, Jhelum River, Chenab River, Ravi River and Beas River. It flows through Punjab in northern India as well as Pakistan. The river has an approximate length of 1,500 km (932 mi).
Panjnad River
Panjnad River is at the extreme end of Bahawalpur District in Punjab and Pakistan. It is formed by the successive confluence of the five rivers of Punjab, namely Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas and Sutlej.
Shyok River
Shyok River (550 km) flows through northern Ladakh in India and the Ghangche District of Gilgit–Baltistan of Pakistan. This river originated from the Rimo Glacier, which is one of the tongues of Siachen Glacier.
Soan River
Soan River, also known as the Swan, Sawan, or Sohan, flows through Punjab and Pakistan. It is an important river of North Punjab.
Suru River
This 185 km long river flows through Kargil District of Ladakh region of Jammu and Kashmir. Suru River originates from the Panzella glacier, which lies at Pensi La pass near the Drang Drung Glacier.