![]() History of Indian Geology The Indian Plate is a tectonic plate, which was originally a part of the ancient continent of Gondwanaland from which it separated and eventually became a major plate. About 50 to 55 million years ago, it combined with the adjacent Australian Plate. It is today a part of the major Indo-Australian Plate and includes the subcontinent of India and a part of the basin under the Indian Ocean. The Indian Plate passed over a geologic hotspot namely, the Reunion hotspot during its journey northward, after breaking off from the rest of the Gondwana. This caused extensive melting underneath the Indian craton. The melting broke through the surface of the craton in a gigantic flood basalt event, creating what is known as the Deccan Traps. It is also known that the Deccan Traps was formed as a result of the sub-aerial volcanic activity associated with the continental deviation of the earth during the Mesozoic era. That is why the rocks derived from this region are generally of igneous type. It is also believed that the Reunion hotspot caused the separation of Madagascar and India. Geological Divisions of India ![]() Geological Society of India Geological Society of India is an important organization dealing with Indian geological studies. It is based in Bengaluru and its flagship product is the Journal of the Geological Society of India (JGSI). Geological Society of India promotes the causes of advanced study and research in all branches of earth system science. A council having a term of three years administers the society. The President of the current council is the geologist namely, B. P. Radhakrishna. |
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