The Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway Regiment, also known as the 17th Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway Battalion, was one of the was a local civilian volunteer corps. It was an auxiliary Infantry regiment under the British Indian Army. The battalion served under the administrative control of the Bombay Command. It was also a part of the Bombay Army of the Bombay Presidency. The infantry regiment was formed on 3rd August 1877 as the Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway Volunteer Rifle Corps. It included official personnel from the Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway (BBCIR).

The Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway Regiment was united with the Ghadeshi Volunteer Rifle Corps in 1886. In the following year, the volunteer military unit was merged with the Rajputana Malwa Volunteer Rifle Corps which was developed as the 2nd Battalion. The uniform of the troops included khaki drill with white facings. The military badge consisted of crossed bayonets and flags and a crown with the Railway crest laid over. The headquarters of the First Battalion was located at Bombay (now Mumbai) in Maharashtra state. The Second Battalion was headquartered at Ajmere (Ajmer) in Rajasthan.

In 1901, the detached companies of the Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway Regiment were stationed at the various army bases in the country. The detachments of the First Battalion were posted at Jetalsar, Bhavnagarpara, Ahmedabad and Rutlam. The Second Battalion was stationed at Mhow, Indore, Fatehgarh, Sirsa, Bandikui, Jeypore and Abu Road.

On 1st April 1917, the infantry unit was re-designated as the 17th Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway Battalion. Eventually the regiment was named as the Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway Regiment on 1st October 1920.

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