The district of Buldhana with an area of 9,680 sq km is positioned in the Amravati division of the state of Maharashtra in western India. The district lies at a distance of around 500 km from the state capital, Mumbai. The district is bounded by the latitudes 19.51° to 21.17° N and the longitudes 75.57° to 76.59° E. The place is widely known for being home to the world`s largest hyper-velocity meteorite impact crater in basaltic rock, the Lonar crater. As boundaries the district has the state of Madhya Pradesh on the north, the Akola and the Washim districts to the east, the Parbhani and the Jalna districts to the south, and to the west by the Jalna and the Jalgaon districts. The district consists of five subdivisions, namely Buldhana, Mehkar, Khamgaon, Malkapur, and Jalgaon-Jamod. There are thirteen talukas namely Buldhana, Chikhli, Deulgaon Raja, Malkapur, Motala, Nandura, Mehkar, Sindkhed Raja, Lonar, Khamgaon, Shegaon, Jalgaon Jamod and Sangrampur.

It is believed that Buldhana District, along with the rest of the erstwhile Berar province, was part of the legendary kingdom of Vidarbha that finds mention in the Mahabharata. This district also constituted a part of the Mauryan Empire during the period in office of Asoka (272 to 231 BCE). The province of Berar later came under the regulation of the Satavahana dynasty (2nd century BCE-2nd century CE), the Vakataka dynasty (3rd to 6th centuries), the Chalukya dynasty (6th to 8th centuries), the Rashtrakuta dynasty (8th to 10th centuries), and the Chalukyas again (10th to 12th centuries), and finally the Yadava dynasty of Devagiri (late 12th to early 14th centuries). A period of Muslim rule began in the district when Ala ud din Khilji, Sultan of Delhi, occupied the area in the early 14th century. The district was part of the Bahmani Sultanate, which became separate from the Delhi Sultanate in the middle of the 14th century. At the end of the 15th century, the Bahmani Sultanate broke up into smaller sultanates, and in 1572 the Buldhana District along with the rest of Berar became part of the Nizam Shahi sultanate, based at Ahmednagar. The Nizam Shahis surrendered Berar to the Mughal Empire in 1595. As Mughal rule began to proliferate at the start of the 18th century, Asaf Jah I, the Nizam of Hyderabad took possession of the southern provinces of the empire (including Berar) in 1724, forming an independent state. In 1853, the Buldhana District together with the rest of Berar came under the administration of the British East India Company. Berar was divided into East and West Berar with Buldhana district being included in West Berar. In 1903, the Nizam of Hyderabad to the British Government of India leased Berar.

The Buldhana District experiences a tropical type of climate. It lies in the Tapti River and Godavari River basins. Purna River is tributary of Tapti River while Penganga River and Kadakpurna River are tributaries of Godavari River. The main crops grown in the district are cotton, jowar, oil seeds, soybeans, sunflower and groundnut. The district has many minor and medium size irrigation projects. The important are Nalganga and Vaan. The foremost industrial areas are at Khamgoan and Malkapur and comparatively smaller industrial areas at Chikhli, Buldhana, Dasarkhed, Deoulgaonraja, Mehkar, Sangrampur and Lonar. The railway stations in and around the Buldhana District are Khamkhed, Malkapur, Wdoda, Chandur Biswa, Nandura, KumgaonBurti, Jalamb Junction, Khamgaon, Shegaon, and Nagzari. The district is connected to other places by a network of roads. The airport nearest to the district is in Aurangabad, which is at a distance of around 150 km.

The Buldhana District has a population of 2,232,480 of which 1,144,314 are males and 1,082,014 are females (as per the 2001 census). The town`s mean literacy rate of 76.14 percent is considerably higher than the national average literacy rate of 59.5%. A fair is held every year in the district on the occasion of Ram Navami. The folk arts prevalent in the district are Bhajan, Keertan and Gondhal. The places to visit in this district are Lonar (famous for Lonar Crater, Lonar Lake and Lonar Sanctuary), Ajanta caves, Sindkhed Raja (birth place of Veer Mata Jijabai, mother of Chhatrapati Shivaji), Chikhli (Temple of Shri Renuka Devi), Shegaon, Mehkar, Deulgaon Raja, Chikhli, Malegaon, the Dnyanganga Sanctuary, the Ambabarva Sanctuary and Nandura (which harbours the world`s biggest Hanuman idol).