Neolithic Sites in India

Neolithic sites in India are those which are before the advent of copper that have been excavated in Deccan. In South India the Neolithic age can be traced back to 3000 BC and lasted until around 1400 BC. This sis characterized by Ashmounds since 2500 BC in Andhra-Karnataka region that expanded to Tamil Nadu. Tirunelveli region has been the abode for human habituation since the Neolithic period.

Certain historical evidences show that in neolithic times a coarse black or grey pottery was in trend. However in central India and the Deccan neoliths and microliths occurred simultaneously along with copper. There have been doubts of neolithic tradition being spread up to the Vindhyas from the south in Chalcolithic age.

The ceramic Neolithic lasted till around 3000BCE. It got mixed with the early Bronze Age. The oldest neolithic sites have been found at Lahuradewa in middle Ganges region and Jhusi near the confluence of Ganga and Yamuna. Adichannalur in Tamil Nadu revealed neolithic celts that confirmed that it belongs to the neolithic period.

In Kashmir also Neolithic culture has been identified. It reveals that the Neolithic people lived in pits dug into the compact Karewa loess in order to protect themselves from the freezing winds during the cold. During summer shallow pits were probably used for habitation. The technology consisted of stone, bone and antler tools. Neolithic people survived on a subsistent economy. It was based on a combination of plant cultivation, animal husbandry and hunting gathering. Seeds of wheat, barley, common pea and lentil have been found. Domestic animals include cattle, sheep, goat, pig, dog and fowl and wild animals include red deer, Kashmir stag, ibex, bear, wolf, hedgehog, beaver and rodents.

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