Najimuddin Ali Khan was the Nawab of Bengal, Orissa and Bihar from the year 1765 to 1766. He was formally called as Sujah-ul-Mulk Najimuddaula Nawab Nazim Najimuddin Ali Khan Bahadur Mahabat Jang. He was Mir Jafar's son with his third wife Munui Begum, and was Bengal's ninth Nawab and also the second from dynasty of the Najafi's.

Najimuddin Ali Khan, like Mir Jafar and Mir Qasim, was a puppet Nawab of Bengal in the hands of the British. He was made the Bengal Nawab following the death of his father Mir Jafar at the tender age of eighteen years. He honored the throne on the 3rd of March 1765.

In the year 1765, after the grand victory in the Battle of Buxar, the British East India Company formally gained the Diwani of Bihar, Bengal and Orissa from Shah Alam II. The Nawab officially conferred this Diwani to the British on the 30th of September, 1765. Then the British proceeded to cease the Nawabi of all effective military and administrative powers, making the Nawab a greater puppet than before. Najimuddin Ali Khan died soon, on the 8th of May, 1766, he got infected by a fever caught at a formal party which was given in Murshidabadfort honoring Robert Clive. Najimuddin was buried at the cemetery of Jaffraganj and was succeeded to the throne of Nawab by his younger brother Najabut Ali Khan.

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