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| Diagnosis & Treatment in Ayurveda | |||||||||||||||||||
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In Ayurveda diagnosis is always done of the patient as a whole. The physician takes a careful note of the patient`s internal physiological characteristics and mental disposition. He also studies such other factors as the affected bodily tissues, humours, the place at which the disease is located, patients resistance and vitality, his daily routine, dietary habits, the importance of clinical conditions, condition of digestion and details of personal, social, economic and environmental situation of the patient.
Treatment 
The basic healing approach is, `that alone is the right treatment which makes for health and he alone is the best doctor who frees one from disease`. This sums up the principal objectives of Ayurveda, i.e. maintenance and promotion of health, prevention of disease and cure of sickness.
Treatment of the disease consists in avoiding contributing factors responsible for disequilibrium of the body atmosphere or of any of its constituent parts through the use of Panchkarma procedures, medicines, suitable diet, activity and regimen for restoring the balance and strengthening the body mechanisms to prevent or minimize future occurrence of the disease. For successful administration of a treatment four things are essential. These are  The physician comes first in order of importance. He must possess technical skill, scientific knowledge, purity and human understanding. The physician should use his knowledge with humility, wisdom and in the service of humanity. Next in importance comes food and drugs. These are supposed to be of high quality, wide application, grown and prepared following approved procedures and should be available adequately.
The third component of every successful treatment is the role of nursing personnel who should have good knowledge of nursing, must know the skills of their art and be friendly, sympathetic, intelligent, neat & clean and resourceful. The fourth component is the patient himself who should be cooperative and obedient to follow instructions of the physician, able to describe ailments and ready to provide all that may be needed for treatment.
Types of Treatment The treatment of disease can broadly be classified as 1. Shodhana therapy (Purification Treatment) 2. Shamana therapy (Palliative Treatment) 3. Pathya Vyavastha (Prescription of diet and activity) 4. Nidan Parivarjan (Avoidance of disease causing and aggravating factors) 5. Satvavajaya (Psychotherapy) 6. Rasayana therapy (use of immunomodulators and rejuvenation medicines) 
1. Shodhana treatment aims at removal of the contributing factors of somatic and psychosomatic diseases. The process involves internal and external purification. The usual practices involved are Panchkarma and Pre-panchkarma procedures. Panchkarma treatment focuses on metabolic management. It provides needed purificatory effect, besides conferring healing benefits. This treatment is especially helpful in neurological disorders, musculo-skeletal disease conditions, certain vascular or neuro-vascular states, respiratory diseases, metabolic and degenerative disorders.
2. Shamana therapy involves controlling of vitiated humours (doshas). The process by which disturbed humour returns to normal without creating imbalance of other humour is known as shamana. This treatment is achieved by use of appetisers, digestives, exercise and exposure to sun, fresh air etc. In this form of treatment, palliatives and sedatives are used. 3. Pathya Vyavastha comprises indications and contraindications in respect of diet, activity, habits and emotional status. This is done with a view to improve the effects of remedial measures and to hamper the pathogenetic processes. Emphasis on dose and don`ts of diet etc is laid with the aim to arouse Agni and optimize digestion and assimilation of food in order to ensure strength of tissues. 4. Nidan Parivarjan is to avoid the known disease causing factors in diet and lifestyle of the patient. It also encompasses the idea to refrain from precipitating or annoying factors of the disease. 5. Satvavajaya concerns mainly with the area of mental disturbances. This includes restraining the mind from desires for unpleasant objects and cultivation of courage, memory and concentration. The study of psychology and psychiatry has been developed extensively in Ayurveda and has wide range of approaches in the treatment of mental disorders. 6. Rasayana therapy deals with promotion of strength and vitality. The reliability of body atmosphere, promotion of memory, intelligence, immunity against the disease, the preservation of youth, luster and complexion and maintenance of optimum strength of the body and senses are some of the positive benefits credited to this treatment. Prevention of premature bear and tear of body tissues and promotion of total health content of an individual are the roles that Rasayana therapy plays. Diet and Ayurvedic Treatment  In Ayurveda, regulation of diet as therapy has great importance. This is because it considers human body as the product of food. An individual`s mental and spiritual development as well as his personality is influenced by the quality of food consumed by him. Food in human body is transformed first into chyle or Rasa and then successive processes involve its conversion into blood, muscle, fat, bone, bone marrow and reproductive elements. Thus, food is basic to all the metabolic transformations and life activities. Lack of nutrients in food or improper transformation of food lead to a variety of disease conditions.
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