Industries in Assam involve a vast quantity of industries which consist of petroleum and petrochemicals, tea, steel, sugar, fertilizers, handicrafts, handloom, cement, lime, coke, poultry and dairy products, plastic, cosmetics, paper, engineering and tourism. The tourism industry of Assam is lucrative, thanks to its treasure trove of temples and its rich wildlife and natural beauty. In order to encourage trade with the neighbor country of Bangladesh, the Mankachar in Dhubri District,and Border Trade Centre at Sutarkandi, which is located in Karimganj district have been developed. Land Custom Stations or LCS is present for the purpose of promoting trade between the nations of Bhutan and Bangladesh.

The Government of India has declared some key industrial sectors as significant for the country.

Petroleum and natural gas based industries

Industries based on locally available minerals

Processing of plantation crops

Food processing industries

Agri-Horticulture products

Herbal products

Biotech products

Pharmaceuticals

Chemical and Plastic based industries

Export oriented industries

Electronic and IT base industries including services sector

Textiles and sericulture

Engineering industries

Cane and bamboo based industries

Other handicrafts industry

The infrastructure of the Eastern Indian state of Assam, particularly roads, railway etc. plays an important role in enhancing the industrial scenario of the state. The Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport, Guwahati was famous since it was the 12th busiest airport of the country in the year 2012. Dibrugarh and Guwahati are well connected by a great network of rail, road and airports and therefore they have transformed into significant industrial units of Assam. International flights are scheduled to be introduced in the airport of Dibrugarh, especially for the destinations to South-Asian countries. It is believed that Dibrugarh is amongst the 10 most prosperous revenue districts in this state. Tinsukia is yet another nerve centre for industries in Assam.

Statistics are of the view that Assam is an important producer of crude oil and about 15% of the nation`s crude output is a consequence of the production of crude oil here. Makum is a region in Assam where oil wells have been drilled mechanically, in 1867. There are as many as four oil refineries located in this state, namely Numaligarh, Digboi, Bongaigaon and Guwahati. Digboi was the very first place where the first refinery of Asia was established. Duliajan houses the organization known as Oil India Limited, which is the greatest oil company in the public sector.

Other industries which thrive in this Indian state are the petrochemical industries at Bongaigaon and Namrup, sugar mills at Kampur, Barua Bamun Gaon, cement plant at Bokajan & Badarpur, paper mills at the places of Jogighopa, Jagiroad and Panchgram, cosmetics plant of Hindustan Unilever (HUL) at Doomdooma and many more. Silk mills, jute mills, textile mills are amongst the several other local industries which are present in the state of Assam.