Chandogya Upanishad is one of the oldest Upanishads written on the Vedic Brahmana period about ninth to eighth century BC. Chandogya Upanishad is associated with Sama Veda. It is the part of Chandogya Brahaman that contains ten chapters. According to the 7th Khanda of First Chapter of Chandogya Upanishad it the speech is the Rig and the Prana is the Sama. This Sama (the Prana) rests on that Rig (speech). Therefore the Sama is sung, resting on the Rig. Sa is speech, ama is the Prana; thus they (speech and the Prana) are together known as Sama. Again the eye is the Rig and the Atma is the Sama. This Sama i.e. the atman rests on that Rig which is speech. Thus, the Sama is sung, resting on the Rig. Sa is the eye, ama is the atman; thus they are together known as Sama. Next the ear is the Rig and the mind is the Sama. This Sama (the mind) rests on that Rig (the ear). Therefore the Sama is sung, resting on the Rig. Sa is the ear, ama is the mind; thus they (the ear and the mind) are designated as Sama. The white radiance of the eye is the Rig and its blue powerful darkness is the Sama. This Sama i.e. the darkness rests on that Rig i.e. the radiance. Thus, the Sama is sung and rests on the Rig. Sa is the white radiance of the eye, ama is its blue intense darkness; thus they are together known as Sama. According to the next explanation the person which is seen in the interior of the eyes is the Rig and the Sama. He is the Uktha, He the Yajus, He Brahman. His figure is the figure of Brahman; the joints of the one are the joints of the other, and the name of the one that of the other.
He is the lord of the worlds all that are within the scope of the eyes and of those who long for worldly advancement. Therefore songs are sung with the accompaniment of the Veena are due to Him. He is the lord of wealth. He who is aware of the Udgitha, sings in praise of the Sama, verily sings in praise of both. Through this he obtains the world beyond and the regions of the gods. In the similar way the person in the eye obtains the worlds that spread beneath eye. One who is aware of this and sings the Sama is able to fulfil the wishes.
