Chandogya Upanishad, one of the oldest Upanishad has been written during the Vedic Brahmana period. Chandogya Upanishad is associated with Sama Veda. It is ranked ninth in the Muktika canon of hundred and eight Upanishadas. The 4th Khanda of Second Chapter of Chandogya Upanishad states about the meditation on the Fivefold Saman as water. According to it one must adorn and meditate on the fivefold Saman as the waters. The syllable Him are the clouds that form, the Prastava are the rains, the Udgitha is the rivers that to the eastern direction and the rivers that flow towards the western side is the Pratihara. The Nidhana is the ocean. One who realises this and meditates on it does not die in water.
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