Chandogya Upanishad is one of the oldest Upanishads written on the Vedic Brahmana period about ninth to eighth century B.C. Chandogya Upanishad is associated with Sama Veda. It is the part of Chandogya Brahaman that contains eight chapters. The 4th Khanda of Chandogya Upanishad states about meditation on Om Mantra as fearlessness and immortality. The Om Mantra called the Udgitha should be adored and meditated upon. People sing the Udgitha, beginning with Om. Once, the gods became afraid of death adopted the three-fold knowledge of the Vedas.
They shielded themselves with metrical hymns. The hymns are called chhandas, because the Devas shielded themselves (achchhadayan). As fishermen looks at fish in shallow water so did death beholds the gods in the Rig Veda, Yajur Veda and Sama Veda hymns. They upon knowing this rose from the Rik, the Yajus and the Sama and entered the Svara (Om) alone. Once a man masters the Rig Veda he recites the Om Mantra. In reciting the Rig hymns Om is articulated (Svarati,) so in the Yajur Veda and Sama Veda. The Svara is the syllable Om; it is immortal and fearless. Adopting its support the gods became immortal and secure. One who realises this and sings the praise of the syllable Om enters this same syllable, known as Svara. It is immortal and fearless. Having entered it, he becomes immortal like the gods.
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