Chandogya Upanishad is associated with the Kauthuma Shakha of the Sama Veda. It is part of the Chandogya Brahmana, which has eight chapters. The Chandogya Upanishad comprises eight chapters, and commences on the Om Mantra. Chandogya Upanishad is the part of Chandogya Brahaman that contains ten chapters. 6th Khanda of Chapter One of Chandogya Upanishad deals with the luminous person in the Solar Orb. According to this the earth is the Rig and the fire is Sama. The Sama i.e. the fire rests on that Rig (i.e. the earth). Thus, it can be said that the Sama is sung resting on the Rig. Here, Sa is the earth, ama is fire; thus the earth and the fire are together designated as Sama. Again the mid region is the Rig and the air is the Sama. This Sama which is the air rests on that Rig which is the mid region. Therefore the Sama is sung, resting on the Rig. Here, Sa is the mid region and ama is the air; thus the mid region and the air are together known as Sama. The following verse describes the stars as the Rig and the moon is the Sama. This Sama which is the moon rests on that Rig i.e. the stars. The Sama is sung resting on the Rig. Here, Sa is the stars, ama is the moon; thus, the stars and the moon are together known as Sama. Next, the whiteness of the sun is known as the Rig and its blue intense darkness is known as the Sama. This Sama which is the darkness rests on that Rig which is the radiance. The Saman is thus, sung, resting on the Rig.
The brightness of the sun, i.e. the white light of the sun, is Sa; and the black is Ama. Thus, they are together known as Sama. The golden man that can be seen in the Sun has golden hair and whiskers. His complete body is golden to the very tips of his nails. His eyes look like a lotus flower and red as the rump of a monkey. He is known as Ut, one who has evolved (Udita) from all evil. The Rig and the Sama are his joints. One who realises this and chants the Udgitha, becomes Udgata, as he sings in praise of Ut. He rules over all the regions above the sun, and over all who desire the abode of gods.
