Chandogya Upanishad is associated with the Kauthuma Shakha of the Sama Veda. It is part of the Chandogya Brahmana, which has eight chapters. The Chandogya Upanishad comprises of eight chapters, and commences on the Om Mantra. The 4th Khanda of Chapter Six of Chandogya Upanishad states about the threefold development. Uddalaka, the son of Aruna told his son Svetaketu that the redness of the gross fire or Agni is due to the colour of the heat or fire, the whiteness of gross fire is the colour of the water, the black colour of gross fire is the colour of darkness to earth; hence Agni ceases to be Agni. It is just a mere a word; it is an effect and is nominal. Its three forms are alone true. The redness of the sun is due to the colour of the fire or heat, its white colour is the water and its darkness to earth. Hence the sun ceases to be the sun. It is nothing but a word; it is an effect and is nominal. Its three forms are alone true. The redness of the moon is colour of the fire or heat, its white colour is the water and its darkness to earth. Hence the moon ceases to be the moon. It is nothing but a word; it is an effect and is nominal. Its three forms are alone true. The redness of lightning is due to the colour of heat, its whiteness is due to the water, and its darkness is due to the earth. Hence the lightning ceases to be lightning. It is merely a word; it is an effect and is nominal. Its three forms of colours are alone true.
Knowing this the great house holders and other scholars of the Vedas of the olden times declared that upon knowing these they have become well versed and have learnt it all from the three forms. Whatever appeared to them red, they knew to be due to heat; whatever appeared to them white, they were aware that it was due to the form of water; and whatever appeared dark, they attributed to the colour of earth. Whatever appeared to be unknown they took to be a union of these three elements (devatas). Thus, every object (devata) becomes threefold in living beings.
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