Agricultural Rituals

Agricultural Rituals are one of the traditions of the land which is followed by the Kuki Tribes. This is a ritual followed by every man from each household of the village in which in they are supposed to go out in the jungle and locate a site for cultivation for the year and mark the particular area for cultivation which is located within the jurisdiction of the area. For the notification of the area with the Village Chief and his council of ministers the man shall demarcate the area by the sides of the tree and cut the edge of the tree. Formally this demarcation is called Lou Chan. An area which is marked by Lou Chan is considered with a lot of respect as it indicates that the particular portion is already in possession of someone for future cultivation.

Agricultural Rituals highlight a particular process which the man or the farmer has to follow. Within this the farmer is supposed to begin his activity by firstly clearing the area and cutting off all shrubs and long grasses which have cropped up. After clearing the area the farmer erects two posts within the area claimed by him and ties the top of the posts with a thin string; at the middle of the string he places a wooden rice-spoon which is called Kathai which is hung at the centre to signify whether the land would yield a good harvest or not. This is done in the night and in the morning if farmer finds the Kathai on the floor and a head of a lizard or any other insect is found hanging on the string then it is believed that the land is inauspicious and haunted by the devils of the forest and that the devils of the forest do not want them to cultivate that particular area. In that case the farmer is supposed to replace the area with some new plot. The same process is followed again but this time the priest is required to perform certain rituals. These rituals are aimed to appease the devils of the land. This ritual is called Daiphu in which the village priest makes the images of a number of items which are made up of clay. Each item has to be ten in number. These include 10 Mithun; 10 beads; 1 Thoche; 1 Vengke. These are aimed to appease the demon called Gampi Gampa - the owner of the jungle. It further includes other items like 1 Elephant trunks ; 1 Gong (Big Size);1 a group of small gongs set; comprising of three such jongs called `Dohbuituo Khat`; Sohlong; 10 Silver Coin. The farmer is then supposed to prepare a shed in the very middle of the land and place all its items at the foot of the tree in a circular form. At the centre a bamboo-family, made up of all the herbs tied together, is prepared. These further include items like Daikham; Loudai and Loudong while some say that the items include Daikham, Chonbeh and Lounglao. The bunch of bamboo-family is on one side inserted in the land and the other side carries an egg half broken and inserted in the bamboo sticks.

Thus agriculture rituals are some of the most traditional rituals which are practiced by the Kuki tribes before the new year of cultivation begins. As the society largely depends on superstition these rituals hold a lot of significance for them.