Chandogya Upanishad is one of the oldest Upanishads written on the Vedic Brahmana period about ninth to eighth century BC. Chandogya Upanishad is associated with Sama Veda. It is the part of Chandogya Brahaman that contains ten chapters. Chapter Five of Chandogya Upanishad has been divided into twenty four khandas.

1st Khanda
The first khanda deals with the Supremacy of the Prana. One who is aware of the oldest and greatest himself becomes oldest and greatest. The Prana, the organ of speech, the ear, the eye, mind, Pranas is the oldest and greatest.

2nd Khanda
The second khanda deals with the Mantha Rite. The Prana asked about food and it was told whatever is eaten is the food of the ana. Ana is Prana`s direct name. There exists nothing which is not food for the one who realises this. He also told that the water is his dress. Satyakama the son of Jabala explained this doctrine of the Prana to Gosruti, the son of Vyaghrapada.

3rd Khanda
The third khanda deals with the Story of Svetaketu and Pravahana. Svetaketu, the grandson of Aruna arrived at the court of Panchalas. Pravahana then asked him certain questions as where men go after they depart and how do they return. Svetaketu however, could not answer the questions. Thus, Pravahana taught Svetaketu about death and thereafter.

4th Khanda
The fourth khanda deals about the Five Fires i.e. the sun the fuel, the rays the smoke, daytime the flame, the moon the embers and the stars the sparks.

5th Khanda
The fifth khanda further deals about the Five Fires. According to it the fuel, the cloud, the smoke, lightning the flame, the thunderbolt the embers and the sparks.

6th Khanda
According to the sixth khanda the earth is the fire, the year the fuel, the akasa the smoke, the night the flame, the quarters the embers and the intermediate quarters the sparks.

7th Khanda
According to the seventh khanda man is the fire, speech is the fuel, the Prana the smoke, the tongue the flame, the eye the embers and the ear the sparks.

8th Khanda
According to the eighth khanda woman is the fire, her sexual organ is the fuel, what invites is the smoke, the vulva is the flame, what is done inside is the embers, and the pleasures are the sparks.

9th Khanda
The ninth khanda deals with birth and death. According to it the foetus after lying in the membrane for ten months is born. He then lives life as per the time ascertained to him and when he dies his sons carry his corpse away for consignment to the fire. Thus, he returns back from the place whence he had come and taken his birth.

10th Khanda
The tenth khanda deals with the different paths followed after death. According to it one who practises austerities and meditate take the way towards God. Other takes different other ways according to their deeds and actions.

11th Khanda
The eleventh khanda deals with matter concerning the Universal Self. In this khanda Prachinasala the son of Upamanyu, Indradyumna the grandson of Bhallavi, Satyayajna the son of Pulusha, Jana the son of Sarkaraksha and Budila the son of Asvatarasva met at one place and discussed about the real Self and the Supreme Brahman.

12th Khanda
The twelfth Khanda states about the Head of the Vaisvanara Self. Here Upamanyu is asked on whom he meditates on as the Self. The King then explained that the Self he meditates on the Vaisvanara Self called the Good Light (Sutejas).

13th Khanda
The thirteenth Khanda deals with the eye of the Vaisvanara Self. Here, Satyayajna the son of Pulusha was asked on whom he meditates on as the Self. The King then explained him that the Self on whom he meditates is the Vaisvanara Self called the Universal Form (Visvarupa).

14th Khanda
The fourteenth khanda states about the Prana of the Vaisvanara Self. Indradyumna the grandson of Bhallavi was asked on whom he meditates on as the Self. The King then explained him that the Self on whom he meditates is the Vaisvanara Self varied courses (Prithagvartma).

15th Khanda
The fifteenth khanda depicts about the trunk of the Vaisvanara Self. Jana the son of Sarkaraksha was asked on whom he meditates on as the Self. The King then explained him that the Self on whom he meditates is the Vaisvanara Self called Bahula (full).

16th Khanda
The sixteenth khanda deals with the bladder of the Vaisvanara Self. Budila the son of Asvatarasva was asked on whom he meditates on as the Self. The King then explained him that the Self on whom he meditates is the Vaisvanara Self called Rayi (wealth). That is only the bladder of the Self.

17th Khanda
The seventeenth khanda states about the feet of the Vaisvanara Self. Uddalaka the son of Aruna was asked on whom he meditates on as the Self. The King then explained him that the Self on whom he meditates is the Vaisvanara Self called Pratishtha (the support).

18th Khanda
The eighteenth khanda deals with the Vaisvanara Self as the whole. According to it Vaisvanara Self is the head of Sutejas, the eye Visvarupa, the Prana Prithagvartma (of various courses), the trunk Bahula (full), the bladder Rayi (wealth), the feet Prithivi (the earth), the chest the Vedi (altar), the hair the kusa grass on the altar, the heart the Garhapatya Fire, the mind the Anvaharya Fire and the mouth the Ahavaniya Fire.

19th Khanda
The nineteenth khanda deals with Performance of the Agnihotra in Oneself i.e. the Prana. It is for this reason that the food that is prepared must be offered as an oblation. Onece the Prana is satisfied, the eye is satisfied. When the eye is satisfied, the sun is satisfied. When the sun is satisfied, the heaven is also satisfied. The Heaven being satisfied, everything under the heaven and under the sun is satisfied.

20th Khanda
The twentieth khanda states about the Vyana. The second oblation to be made is to Vyana. This Vyana is satisfied. Once the Vyana is satisfied, the ear is satisfied. When the ear is satisfied, the moon is satisfied. The moon being satisfied, the quarters are satisfied. When the quarters are satisfied, everything under the quarters and under the moon is satisfied.

21st Khanda
The twenty first Khanda states about the Apana. The third oblation to be made is to the Apana. Once the Apana is satisfied the speech is satisfied, when the speech is satisfied the fire is satisfied. The fire being satisfied, the earth is satisfied. When the earth is satisfied, everything under the earth is satisfied.

22nd Khanda
The twenty second Khanda states about the Samana. The fourth oblation to be made is to the Samana. When the Samana is satisfied, the mind is satisfied, once the mind is satisfied, the rain god is satisfied. When the rain god is satisfied, the lightning is satisfied. Once the lightning is satisfied, everything under lightning and under the rain god is satisfied.

23rd Khanda
The twenty third Khanda states about the Udana. The fourth oblation to be made is to the Udana. Once the Udana is satisfied, the skin is satisfied. When the skin is satisfied, the air is satisfied. When the air is satisfied, the akasa is satisfied. Once the akasa is satisfied, everything under the air and under the akasa is satisfied.

24th Khanda
The twenty fourth Khanda deals about the Glory of the Agnihotra Sacrifice. According to it if one without being aware of the knowledge of the Vaisvanara Self offers an Agnihotra oblation, it would be like offering oblations in dead ashes. However, if one is aware of it and offers an Agnihotra oblation it would be offered in all the worlds, in all beings and in the Atma. By offering this oblation one gets rid of all sins.