Basavakalyan is a town situated in the Bidar District of the state of Karnataka in India. Known as Kalyani in the past, it was the royal capital of the Western Chalukya dynasty from 1050 to 1195. Before India got her independence, the name of the town was Kalyan. After independence and the subsequent division of states in 1956 AD, Kalyan was renamed as Basavakalyan in memory of Vishwaguru Basavanna. He was a great revolutionary who promoted the idea of spiritual democracy called "Anubhava Mantapa" in 12th Century in India. He also gave realistic solutions to all kinds of day-to-day problems of mankind. His extremely scientific teachings have stood the state of time. 'Basava Tatva' has always been of great help in achieving the welfare of mankind.

The exact geographical location of Basavakalyan is at 17.87° North and 76.95° East. It has a mean elevation of 2082 metres (7287 feet). As per the 2006 India census, the town of Basavakalyan has a population of 1,02,546. Males make up 52% of the population and females comprise 48%. The town has an average literacy rate of 62%, higher than the nationwide standard of 59.5%. 58% of the males and 42% of the females are literate. 17% of the population is children less than 6 years of age.