Dergaon is located in Golaghat district of the northeastern state of India, Assam and is an important town. Dergaon is surrounded by Daria in the south, Ahomgaon in the east and Ahataguri in the north. The nearest railway station is the Golaghat Railway Station.It is located between 26.7° North latitude and 93.97° East longitude. It is located at an altitude of 82 metres (269 feet) above mean sea level.

According to the 2001 census report, Deragaon had a population of 13,364 inhabitants. Males constitute 56% of the population and females 44% of the population. In Dergaon , 10% of the population is less than six years of age. The town has an average literacy rate of 85% which is higher than the national average literacy rate which is 59.5%. Male literacy rate is 88% and the female literacy rate is 81%.

The main occupation of the people living here is cultivation. Sugarcane and a variety of vegetables are cultivated here. Piggery and fishing are the other occupations of the local populace of this town.