Bagbahara is a town as well as a nagar panchayat situated in the Mahasamund District in the state of Chhattisgarh in eastern India. Mahasamund District is an administrative district in Chhattisgarh with the district headquarters located in the city of Mahasamund. The district occupies a total area of 3902.39 square kms in the central eastern fraction of the state of Chhattisgarh. The exact location of the district is between 20°47` and 21°31`30" latitude and between 82°00` and 83°15`45" longitude. As boundaries it has the Raigarh District and the Raipur District of Chhattisgarh and the Nuapara District and the Bargarh District of Orissa. In the towns of Bagbahara, Basna and Pithora, granite rocks can be found. Limestone rocks belonging to the upper Pre- Cambrian age are found in this region. These rocks consist primarily of limestone layers, shale, sandstone, quartzite and the like. Neo-granite, dolerite, and quartz in mixed impure forms are also found in the district. Availability of rocks makes this district a favourite place for mining activity. The population of the district consists of 28.9% tribals. The tribes living in the district are Binjhwar, Bhujia, Dhanwar, Bahalia, Kamar, Kanwar, Halba, Pardhi, Munda, Saharia, Saur, Sonar, Kharai, Sanwara and Kharwar.

Bagbahara is located 90 Kilometres to the east of Raipur district. As per the 2001 India census, the population of the town is 16,746. The population comprising of 50% males and 50% females is equally proportionate. Bagbahara has a mean literacy rate of 59%, almost near the national average of 59.5%. 59% of the males and 41% of the females are literate. 15% of the population comprises children below six years of age. The occupation that is most common in the town is farming. There are a lot of rice mills that are economically important because they employ thousands of people in the town. The town is linked to the rest of the Indian subcontinent by state highway and rail route. It falls on the train route from the Raipur district to Vishakapatnam. The temple at Chandi Dongri is a renowned place of interest in this town. Thousands of followers come from the adjoining regions to visit this temple during the occasion of Navratri.