About 12.8% of the geographical areas of Uttar Pradesh are under forests. The important floras of Uttar Pradesh are rhododendrons, betula, silver fir, spruce, deodar, chir, oak, sal, gigantic haldu, dhak, teak, mahua, salai, sisso, chironji and tendu. There are also a number of medicinal herbs like rauwolfia serpentina, Viala serpens, podophyllum, hexandrum and aephecra gerardiana are grown here. Woody plants, trees, shrubs and climbers are found here.

The State has rich variety of fauna here. Its avifauna is among the richest in the country. In the jungles of Uttar Pradesh are found tiger, leopard, wild bear, sloth bear, elephant, gond, para, chinkara,sand grouse, musk deer, brown bear, chital, sambhar, jackal, porcupine, jungle cat, hare, squirrel, monitor, lizard and fox. The most common birds include the crow, pigeon, dove, jungle fowl, black partridge, house sparrow, peafowl, blue jay, parakeet, kite, myna, quail, bulbul, snipe, comb duck, grey duck, cotton teak, whistling teal, kingfisher and woodpecker. Several species of wildlife have become extinct in Uttar Pradesh. Among them are the lion and the rhinoceros. At present the wild life population is alarmingly low. To preserve the wild life, the state has established the Corbett National Park and 12 game sanctuaries. It is one of the important tourist sites if the state. Dudhwa National Park and Lakhimpur Kheri are the best Tiger reserves in the country.