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Architecture of Western Ganga Dynasty
Architecture of Western Ganga Dynasty was influenced by the Pallava, Badami Chalukya architectural features and Jainism.

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Architecture of Western Ganga DynastyArchitecture of Western Ganga Dynasty is a perfect conglomeration of Jain culture and the conventional art form of Karnataka.

The temples, pillars and other structures built by Western Ganga Dynasty have been influenced by various factors. The pillars with a conventional lion at the pedestal and a circular shaft of the pillar on its head, the stepped Vimana of the shrine with horizontal mouldings and square pillars have been inherited from the Pallava Dynasty.

Chavundaraya commissioned the Gomateshwara monolith. It is considered as the highlight of the sculpture of Ganga dynasty in Karnataka. It has been carved from fine-grained white granite and the image stands on a lotus. It is the mightiest achievement in sculptural art in medieval Karnataka. This monolith is the largest monolithic statue in the world. The freestanding pillars called Mahasthambha or Bhrahmasthambha are unique. Examples of Bhrahmasthambha are the Brahmadeva pillar and Tyaga Brahma pillars. At the top of the pillar Lord Brahma is seated. The shaft of the pillar is cylindrical or octagonal and is decorated with creepers and other floral motifs. The base of the pillar has engravings of important Jain personalities and inscriptions.

Other contributions are the Jain basadis` whose towers have receding stories ornamented with small models of temples. These tiny shrines have engravings of Tirthankars. Semicircular windows connect the shrines. Decorative Kirthimukha are used at the top. The Chavundaraya basadi of the 10th or 11th century, Chandragupta basadi of the 6th century and the monolith of Gomateshwara of 10th century are the important monuments at Shravanabelagola. The Panchakuta basadi or the five-towered temple at Kambadahalli of 10th century with a Brahmadeva pillar is an example of Dravidian art.

The Gangas built many Hindu temples with impressive Dravidian gopuras containing figures from the Hindu pantheon. These temples have decorated pierced screen windows, which are featured in the Mandapa along with Saptamatrika carvings. Some examples are the Kapileswara temple at Manne, Kolaramma temple at Kolar and the Kallesvara temple at Aralaguppe. The Maralesvara temple at Talkad, the Arakesvara temple and the Patalesvara temple are other examples. Hindu temples were distinguished by a slab of stone with decorative sculptures that depict episodes from the epics.

Western Ganga Dynasty has also left behind virgal or hero stones that are memorials containing sculptural details of war scenes, Hindu deities, saptamatrikas and Jain Tirthankars.


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