Prose Plays in Kannada Theatre
|
Prose plays in Kannada theatre are very common in folk theatre of Karnataka. Most part of it is taken from Sanskrit.
|
|
|
Prose plays in Kannada theatre were quite common during the folk period. The first evidence of the existence of prose plays was made of Bhattakalanka of the early 17th century. The further evidence can be found from the history of Vijayanagar Empire and also by ancient classics of Karnataka. Both actually substantiate the possibility of the existence of prose drama-both in Sanskrit and in Kannada. The Imperial Palace of Vijayanagar had a royal theatre (Pattada nataka shale) wherein 'nataka' was staged. The court of Vijayanagar possibly had a band of expert artists also. Even the provincial courts of the Vijayanagar Empire had their own theatres. Tanjore had a beautiful theatre adorned with gems. Ikkeri also had one in the times of Sankanna Nayaka, a Samanta. These evidences support the existence of written plays, mostly in Sanskrit, containing prose-dialogues. They were frequently staged in the "nataka shale" itself, perhaps along with the more popular "dance dramas" called "nataka". This leads to the inference that there were two types of "nataka" one with prose dialogue and the other without it, and also, that the ones with prose dialogue were plays fully influenced by Sanskrit theatre/drama. It is not improbable that in the royal courts of ancient Karnataka, Sanskrit plays were staged occasionally if not frequently.
There are evidences indicating the existence of Kannada plays which seem to be mostly translated from Sanskrit. Ancient Kannada works (kavya) show a close affinity to Sanskrit language, and by the times of Nripatunga (9th century A. D.), writers in Sanskrit seem to have been accepted as models to copy. Sanskrit literature gave predominance to its drama (Kavyesu natakam ramyam), and eminent playwrights like Bhasa and Kalidasa must have impressed on the times with their craft and skill. It is possible that the Kannada writers of those times persuaded themselves simply to translate into Kannada the then available Sanskrit plays. That the Natyashastra of Bharata was held in high esteem as the ultimate authority on the science and art of dramaturgy is made evident by Adipampa, who, in his Vikramarjuna Vijaya, mentioned that the Kauravas and Pandavas were given lessons in the Natyashastra. It was perhaps the fashion of the times to fall back on the Sanskrit literature and to translate some of its well known works into Kannada.
The Sanskrit Kavya always included nataka. It is thus noticed that by the 10th century A.D., plays were possibly rendered into Kannada from Sanskrit and that Natyashastra was held in high esteem. The word "nataka" was freely used and its significance was fully understood. The inference that the post tenth century period had a flourishing Kannada theatre Stage is substantiated by a few references of that time when Karnataka reaped a rich harvest of merited literature.
Visible traces of art and culture are embedded in the invisible past, and thus, if some tangible traces of the existence of drama could be found in the early 10th century, the tradition must have found its roots further back in the past; but the absence of earlier evidences to the written drama or the court theatre leads one to consider as to whether the court theatre had its beginning in Karnataka only after the Sanskrit plays had come to be known all over. If ever there existed a theatre in Karnataka earlier than 800 A. D., it must have been the folk theatre which now demands a fuller consideration
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Recently Updated Articles in Indian Drama & Theatre
|
|
|
| • | Ankiya Nat
Ankhiya Nat is a religious theatre form created by Sankaradeva in order to spread the message of Vaishnavism
| | | • | Star Theatre
The Star Theatre in Kolkata was one of the first institutions of commercial Bengali theatre.
| | | • | Gondhal
Gondhal is a religious performing folk art of Maharashtra. It is performed on special days like when there is a newborn in a family or marriage.
| | | • | Sangeet Natak Academy
Sangeet Natak Academy is one of the National level Academies for performing arts which established in the year 1952.
| | | • | Alyque Padamsee
He is one of few people, who has been involved in Theatre & Advertising and being successful in the same.
| | |
|
|
|
|
|
