In the Ranji Trophy, 1970-71, there were a number of 24 teams participating in it and the teams were coming from all the parts of India. The organisers of the Ranji Trophy, BCCI divided the teams into five different zones, just like the previous few years and the teams played against each other first in the zonal level and then in the knock out level of the tournament. The teams that took part in the tournament included the likes of Andhra, Assam, Baroda, Bengal, Bihar, Bombay, Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Hyderabad, Jammu & Kashmir, Kerala, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Mysore, Orissa, Punjab, Railways, Rajasthan, Saurashtra, Services, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and the Vidarbha. The Tamil Nadu and Haryana teams came back to the tournament after a very long period of time, in this edition.

Ranji Trophy 1970-71, Central Zone League Matches: All the four regular teams of the Central Zone were present there in the Ranji Trophy, 1970-71. The teams were coming from the Central region of India and they included the likes of Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Vidarbha and Uttar Pradesh. The teams tried their best to become one of the top two teams in the zone, while competing with each other in the zonal level. They also gave a lot of efforts to get a chance in the knock out level of the tournament and compete with the top teams of the other zones for the trophy. However, only the teams like Rajasthan and Vidarbha became successful to do so from the zone.

Ranji Trophy 1970-71, East Zone League Matches: The East Zone of the Ranji Trophy, 1970-71 was comprised of a number of 4 teams, including the likes of Bengal, Assam, Orissa and Bihar. All the teams were representing the Eastern region of India and they competed hard with each other for securing a birth in the knock out level of the tournament. The teams like Bengal and Bihar once again became the toppers in the East Zone and they also went on to play in the knock out level for the championship title.

Ranji Trophy 1970-71, North Zone League Matches: The North Zone in the Ranji Trophy, 1970-71 saw the Haryana team joining with the other five regular teams of the zone. The joining of the Haryana team made increased the number of participating teams in the North Zone to 6 and the teams included the likes of Delhi, Haryana, Jammu & Kashmir, Services, Railways and Punjab. All the teams were from the Northern region of India and they tried hard to become one of the top two teams in the zone. They also tried to get a chance in the knock out level of the tournament and the teams like Delhi and Services became successful to do so from the zone.

Ranji Trophy 1970-71, South Zone League Matches: The South Zone of the Ranji Trophy, 1970-71 saw the inclusion of the Tamil Nadu in it and the teams that played in the zone included the likes of Hyderabad, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra and Mysore. All the teams were representing various states of South India and they played against each other in the zonal level first. The main aim of the teams was to become one of the top two teams in the zone and to get a chance to compete in the knock out level of the tournament. However, the teams like Mysore and Hyderabad eventually became successful to do so from the South Zone.

Ranji Trophy 1970-71, West Zone League Matches: The West Zone in the Ranji Trophy, 1970-71 was comprised of a number of 5 teams, all the regular ones from the Western region of India. The teams that took part in the zone included the likes of Bombay, Maharashtra, Baroda, Gujarat and Saurashtra. The teams compete with each other in the zonal level for becoming one of the top two teams in the zone and also for getting a chance in the knock out level of the tournament. However, the Bombay team eventually became successful to compete with the top teams of the other zones in the knock out level, for the championship title.

Ranji Trophy 1970-71, Knock out Matches: The number of knock out matches was increased significantly in the Ranji Trophy, 1970-71 and this edition of the tournament saw the teams playing the Pre-Quarter-Final matches. The number of Quarter-Final matches was also increase to 4 from that of 1 in the previous editions of the tournament. There were a number of 10 teams participated in the knock out matches of the Ranji Trophy, 1970-71 and the teams included the likes of Delhi, Bombay, Bengal, Hyderabad, Bihar, Punjab, Vidarbha, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Mysore. All the teams competed in the knock out level for clinching the title of the tournament; however, the Bombay team once again became successful to win the title.