The first Ranji Trophy of the decade of 1950s, the Ranji Trophy, 1950-51 started with the participation of a large number of teams and with the East Punjab team, as the newcomer. There were a number of 20 teams participated in the tournament and the teams included the likes of Assam, Baroda, Bengal, Bihar, Bombay, Delhi, East Punjab, Gujarat, Holkar, Hyderabad, Madras, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Mysore, Orissa, Rajputana, Southern Punjab, Saurashtra, Services and the Uttar Pradesh. Apart from the newcomer, East Punjab team, the teams like Madhya Pradesh and Saurashtra were also participating in the tournament after a few years. The tournament started with the match between the teams of Orissa and Bihar at Cuttack from 09-11th December 1950. The Bihar team with a huge margin of an innings and 194 runs won the match.

The second match of the Ranji Trophy, 1950-51 was held between Mysore and Madras teams at Bangalore from 09-12 December 1950 and in the drawn match, the Madras team won on the basis of its first innings lead. The match between the newcomer, Eastern Punjab and Services took place at Amritsar from 09-11 December 1950, where the Services team won by a huge margin of 10 wickets. The next match involved the teams of Saurashtra and Baroda and the match was held at Rajkot from 18-21st December 1950. The match saw the Baroda team winning by a huge margin of an innings and 27 runs. Then, the Bombay and Maharashtra teams clashed with each other at Bombay from 22-25 December 1950 and the Bombay team won the drawn match for having a lead in the first innings. The teams of Madhya Pradesh and Hyderabad met at Nagpur at the same time, from 22-25 December 1950 and the match saw the Hyderabad team winning by 3 wickets.

The match of Southern Punjab and Rajputana met each other at Patiala from 26-29 December 1950 and the Southern Punjab team played nicely to win the match by a good margin of 7 wickets. The teams of Uttar Pradesh and Assam took part in the next match of the Ranji Trophy, 1950-51 at Dehradun from 06-08 January 1951. The Uttar Pradesh team played wonderfully in the match and crashed the Assam team by an innings and 288 runs. It was a clash between the teams of Delhi and Services in the next match of the tournament and the match was held at Delhi from 06-09 January 1951. The Services team won the match by quite a huge margin of an innings and 38 runs. The next match saw the teams of Gujarat and Baroda playing against each other at Ahmedabad from 10-12 January 1951. The match was quite a competitive one and the Gujarat team eventually became successful to win the match by 6 wickets.

The cricket enthusiasts of India saw the two teams of Uttar Pradesh and Holkar clashing with each other in the next match of the Ranji Trophy, 1950-51 at Dehradun from 10-13 January, 1951. The match was drawn during its stipulated duration and the match officials declared the Holkar team as the winner, as it was leading in the first innings. The match between Madras and Hyderabad was organised at Hyderabad from 26-29 January, 1951, where the Hyderabad team became successful to beat its opponents by 7 wickets. In the next match, the teams of Bengal and Bihar clashed with each other at Jamshedpur from 27-30 January, 1951 and the match saw the Bengal team winning by a huge margin of 150 runs. The Services team then met with the Southern Punjab team at Patiala from 27-30 January 1951 and the winner of the match was the Services team with a margin of an innings and 15 runs.

The group level of the Ranji Trophy, 1950-51 was going towards its end by the time when the Holkar and Bengal team met each other at Calcutta from 16-19 February, 1951. The Holkar team was declared as the winner of the drawn match, as it had a lead in the first innings. The match between the teams of Bombay and Gujarat at Ahmedabad from 24-26 February, 1951, was the last match of the group level of the tournament. The Gujarat team played wonderfully in the match and beat the powerful Bombay team by a huge margin of an innings and 166 runs. The win helped them to ensure a birth in the Semi-Final of the tournament.

The Semi-Final line up of the Ranji Trophy, 1950-51 was like Hyderabad Vs Holkar and Gujarat Vs Services. The first two teams of Hyderabad and Holkar clashed with each other in the first Semi-Final of the tournament at Indore from 26 February-01 March 1951. The Holkar team dominated the Hyderabad team throughout the match and eventually won by an innings and 206 runs. The second Semi-Final match also saw a one-sided contest between the teams of Gujarat and Services at Ahmedabad from 10-13 March 1951. The match was one-sided as the Gujarat team won the match by a huge margin of an innings and 166 runs and entered into the Final of the tournament. The Final match of the Ranji Trophy, 1950-51, between the teams of Gujarat and Holkar saw a good competition between the teams. The match was held at Indore from 17-21 March, 1951 and the Holkar team became the champion of the tournament by beating the Gujarat team by 189 runs in the Final.