Calcium salts, struvite, uric acid or cystine may form stones in a kidney. If very small, stones may pass into a ureter and out of the body unnoticed and also if the stones are too large to pass into a ureter, they remain in the kidney causing mild pain in the loins or infection. If a medium-sized stone enters the ureter, it gradually works its way down to the bladder causing severe friction and thereby pain, called renal colic. This pain is wave-like and of a stabbing nature, which starts when the stone moves and stops when the stone stops moving.

Treatment
There are various treatments which are suitable for this disease. But the patient should choose the medicine according to his or her own symptoms.

Berberis vulgaris 30: This medicine is useful for left-sided renal colic, with severe cutting pains starting from left kidney and then descending in a wave-like manner into the left ureter, the urinary bladder and the urethra. There is a bubbling, sore sensation in the kidney-region i.e. loins. The urine is bloody, with thick, jelly-like sediment. The patient prefers to rest because jerky movements bring on or worsen pain. When all these symptoms are present in a person, he or she should take the medicine.

Cantharis 30: Violent, cutting or stabbing pain, which shoots off in different directions are the important symptoms for which the medicine named Cantharis can be used. There is a constant urge to pass urine, but only a few drops pass out each time, causing such pain that the patient screams. The urine is bloody, containing thick, jelly-like mucous. Drinking coffee or cold water worsens pain but warm applications help.

Lycopodium 30: For right-sided renal colic, with severe pain in the region of the right kidney and the right ureter, at the beginning of urination. There is no pain once the urination is over. Urine contains sand-like, red sediment. Attacks of colic usually occur from 4 to 8 p.m.

Ocimum 30: Again for right-sided renal colic with cramps in the loins. Urine has musk-like odour and contains sand-like red sediment. Ocimum should especially be considered for stones of uric-acid salts. All these are the symptoms for which the medicine named Ocimum can be used.

Pareira brava 30: The concerned symptoms for using this medicine include constant urge to urinate. Urine flows out after great straining and only when the person goes on his knees, pressing the head against the floor. There is great pain in the bladder region, which goes down into the thighs during efforts to urinate. After taking this medicine the patients can be relieved.

Sarsaparilla 30: For right-sided renal colic, the pain shooting downwards from the right kidney. There is severe, unbearable pain at the conclusion of urination just as the urine ceases to flow. The urine only dribbles while sitting but passes more freely when standing. Urine contains sand-like, white sediment. In presence of all these symptoms the patients should take the medicine Sarsaparilla.