Michael Madhusudan Dutt was born in Sagardari, a village of the then Jessore district on 25th January 1824.He came off a Hindu landowner family. Raj narain Dutta, his father was a law practitioner in Calcutta. His mother name was Janhabi dutta.At the age of seven he got admitted to Khidirpur school. He was very intelligent in his childhood days.

He was deeply influenced by English literature in his boyhood and started learning English literature in his home. Then he took admission in the Hindu college as a student of English literature. At that time he was deeply moved by the poem of famous English poets like Thomas Moore, John Keats and George Byron and others and started writing English poems. These poems were published regularly in the Bengal Spectator, Literary Gleaner, Calcutta Literary Gazette, Literary Blossom and Comet due to his excellent command over English literature. Not only he loved the English poems but also he loved all kinds of western ideas and desired to be an English man. For that become a Christian, adopted the first name, Michael and wanted to go to England. His father Rajnarain was very much annoyed at this. Madhusudan left home and hindu college and took further admission to Bishop`s College where he learned Greek, Latin and Hebrew languages.

In 1848 Madhusudan went to Madras and took the job of an English Teacher at the Madras Male Orphan Assylum School. In 1852 he joined as an English teacher at the Madras University School section. There he also started working as a journalist. He was in the editorial staff of Madras newspapers such as the Madras Circulator and General Chronicle, Aethenium and the Daily Spectator. He became the joint-editor of the Spectator and later the Chief Editor of the Hindu Chronicle. His first anthology of English poetry - The Captive Ladie and Visions of the Past were published in 1849. Though these were well acknowledged in the English educated persons, these publications didn`t get big success and not literary up to the mark as Dutta wanted. He married Rebecca but within a short time it ended in divorce. His mother died in 1853 and father in 1855.He was in deep dejection at that time.

In 1956 he married a French lady - Emilia Henrietta. She gave him lots of inspiration. Dutta came back to Calcutta in this year and he took job as Head Clerk of the Police Court where in the next year he worked as an interpreter during the Sepoy Mutiny. At that time he was requested by his friends to start again his literary career in his mother tongue. He started translating English dramas into Bengali but he was not satisfied with that .He wanted to write new plays in Bengali. He wrote three new Bengali plays - Sermistha, Kissen Cumari and Maya Kanan in this time. He also penned a few sarcastic writings like- Ekei ki Boley Savyata, Booro Shaliker Gharhey Ro .Dutta translated the famous Bengali of that time Nil Durpan in to English.

The most significant period of his literary career came when he started writing Bengali poety in new style. Dutta broke the old poetic traditions and introduced sonnet as well as the unconventional blank verse style in Bengali poetry. That really stunned the reader. In 1860 his poetry in blank verse Tilottoma Sambhav Kavya startled the literary circle of Calcutta. He gave completely a new dimension of epic Ramayana and wrote his famous epic poetry Meghnad Badh Kavya. It astonished the reader.

This was followed by Brajangana Kavya,and Veerangana Kavya. Then he to went London to attain degree in law. Due to deep financial crisis there he wrote some sonnets to earn money. Later Vidyasagar send money so that he could pass the Law course. In 1867 passing law he came back to Calcutta and started practicing at Calcatta High Court.Later he became the Examiner of the Privy Council at the High Court. At that time he translated the great epic of Homar-Ilied. His last composition was Mayakanan (1873) Madhusudan is extensively considered as one of the greatest poets in Bengali literature and the father of Bengali sonnet. He break new ground in Bengali poetry which is called amitrakhor chhondo(blank verse).He also wrote poems about the sorrows and suffering of love as spoken by women.

Madhusudan`s last days were painful due to his prolonged suffering from illnes Madhusudan Dutta died on Sunday 29th June 1873 after three days of the death of his wife Henrietta. Mudhusudan was called as the reformer of Bengali literature.