Madhya Pradesh is an abode of Binjhwar tribes who throng various places of the south eastern region of this state including Bastar district. Due to the fact that the Binjhwar residing region of the state is mainly covered with the forests, these Binjhwar tribes have adopted the occupations like collection of forest products and also several minerals. These tribes are wholly unaware of the external world and are quite contented with their individual traditions and ethnic beliefs.
The origin of these Binjhwar tribes dates back to several centuries, when the state of
Madhya Pradesh, including Bastar was dominated by numerous dynasties, namely, Nag, Gag and Chaturya. The simple and friendly Binjhwar tribal community maintains a very good rapport with all the other tribal communities, namely,
Gond tribe, Kanver tribe, Kamar tribe,
Baiga tribe,
Halba tribe, Korva tribe, Pando tribe and Birhi tribe.
Festivals, dance, music form an integral part of these Binjhwar tribal community, thus ennobling it to a great extent. In fact, `desi` art, shrines and statuettes have got popularity in the whole of the Indian subcontinent.
The Binjhwar tribes too have developed faith for religion and spiritualism. To appease the divine gods, these Binjhwar tribes carry on various rituals and customs. These Binjhwar tribes have enormous faith in their village gods and goddesses of the local origin. Deities like Danteshwari and Aanga Devta are some of the principal deities that these Binjhwar tribes revere in great adoration and devotion. The people of this tribal group regard this Aanga Devta with great respect and awe as this deity helps them to keep track on various criminals and evil people. One additional deity that these Bhinjwar tribal community revere, `Bhimdev` is adored at the time when there are no rainfall in the state. In fact majority of these Binjhwar tribes are quite superstitious also.
Fairs and festivals are part and parcel of the people of this Binjhwar tribe. A huge three-day long fair is orchestrated during the month of March. It has been consecrated to the deity Aanga Devta. Apart from this, these Binjhwar tribes also revere the Hindu god,
Lord Ganesha. Dantewada is far-famed for its
Danteshwari Temple. There is an ancient temple of
lord Shiva, which has twelve pillars. In addition, there are Ganesha Temple and Mama Bhanja ka Mandir as well.
Dresses of this Binjhwar tribal community are quite exquisite and beautiful. The Binjhwar tribal females are quite fond of jewelry, which is very `exotic`. Maximum of these Jewelries are handcrafted. These include necklaces prepared from cane, grass, or beads. Silver ornaments are in vogue. Various materials like tiny pieces of wood, glass, peacock feathers, copper are used for making jewelry. Also diverse kinds of wild flowers and leaves are used to embellish the long hair of these Binjhwar tribal females. In the village areas, Binjhwar females wear chains, which are made up of one-rupee coins.
The major occupation of these Binjhwar tribes is cultivation. Some of these Binjhwar tribes have taken up handicraft as their occupation. In fact these Binjhwar artists prepare handicraft items from bamboo, wood and a variety of metals. For selling in the fairs, these Binjhwar tribes also made beautiful baskets, statues, mats, wall hangings, face masks. Binjhwar tribal community is also acknowledged for its terracotta work.
Melodious music and dance are an integral part of the Binjhwar tribal community. The dance and music of people is of numerous varieties. The whole of the region quite often bounces and reverberates with the beats of the drum of this Binjhwar tribal community. . Especially, in some tiny villages, each and every year, on the event of `basant` festival, people dance and sing to the beats of the `nagarey`.
No culture of any other tribal communities of the whole of the Indian Territory is considered to be enriched without exotic culinary dishes that the tribal communities prepare. So these Binjhwar tribes are also not an exception. In fact these Binjhwar tribes can make delicious delicacies form mushrooms, insects and small animals. To add to these, these Binjhwar tribes have also developed addiction for alcohols that are made locally. Some of the people of this Binjhwar tribal community are also fond of various fishes as well. Pork is a chief item in their diet and almost each and every chief ceremony starts with the sacrifice of a pig.