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Located in the foothills of Eastern Himalaya in the Sonitpur district of Assam, the Nameri National Park is a well known wildlife sanctuary in the north-eastern India. The park is the second Tiger reserve of Assam and is located about 35-km from the Tezpur town. It was established as a sanctuary on 18th September 1985 and was officially declared as a National Park on 15th November, 1998. It is counted amongst the richest and most threatened reservoirs of plant and animal life in the world. It has the Pakhui (Pakke) Sanctuary of Arunachal Pradesh located on its Northeastern side. The Nameri National Park covers a huge area of 200 sq. km. and extends up to east and south west bank of the river Bor Dikorai from interstate boundary at Sijussa to the left bank of Jia Bharali River. The park also extends up to the south bank of Balipara Reserve Forest.
The Jia Bharali River and its tributaries like Diji, Dinai, Doigurung, Nameri, Dikorai, Khari, etc. are flowing along the Nameri National Park. The area is uneven and the park`s altitudes range from 80 meters along the river banks to 225 meters in the central and northern parts. The Nameri National Park is one of the richest areas in the world in terms of Plant Functional Type and Plant Functional Complexity. The park area is influenced by the tropical monsoons that cause rainfall to be seasonal and heavy. The average annual rainfall in the park is 3,400 mm between the months of May and September. The best time to visit the park is between the months of November to March.
The Nameri National Park has quite rich natural vegetation with numerous species of medicinal and commercial plant species. Most parts of the park are covered by Moist Mixed, Deciduous Forests and it provides shelter to more than 600 species of plants. The tropical evergreen and Semi-evergreen forests mingle here with the moist deciduous forests. The other forest types like cane and bamboo brakes and narrow strips of open grassland can also be found in this park. Some of the most common and dominant plant species in the Nameri National Park include Albizzia lucida, Albizzia procera, Amoora wallichii, Artocarpus chaplasha, Baccaurea sapida, Bischofia javanica, Bombax ceiba, Canarium strictum, Castanopsis indica, Cordia dichotoma, Cinnamomum cecicodaphnea, Dendrocalamus hamiltonii, Dillenia indica, Duabanga grandiflora, Duabanga sonneratoides, Dysoxylum procerum, Endospermum Chinese, Lagerstroemia flos-reginae, Litsea sebifera, Mesua ferrea, etc. Apart from these, the other species like Morus roxburghii, Premna bengalensis, Pseudostachyum polymorphum, Pterospermum acerifolium, Sapium baccatum, Shorea assamica, Sterculia hamiltonii, Syzygium cumini, Terminalia citrina, Terminalia myriocarpa, Trewia nudiflora, Vatica lanceaefolia, etc. are also found in the Nameri National Park.
The Nameri National Park is most famous for being exceptionally rich in faunal resources. The park provides natural habitat to more than 30 species of mammals and is one of the most important conservation area for Tiger and Elephants. Apart from these two species, there are also several other mammal species found in the park, including Leopard, Clouded Leopard, Indian Bison, Pangolin, Indian wild dog, Civet Cat, Capped Langur, Jackal, Sambar, etc. Many species of reptiles like Snakes, Crocodiles, Turtles or Tortoises arte also found in the park.
The bird fauna of the Nameri National Park is richer than the natural vegetation and mammal fauna species of the park. The Park provides natural habitat to more than 400 species of birds, out of which, the most important one is definitely the White-Winged Ducks. Apart from this, the other notable bird species found in the Nameri National Park include the White-Cheeked Partridge; the Great, Wreathed, and Rufous-Necked Hornbills; the Ruddy, Blue-Eared, and Oriental Dwarf Kingfishers; Oriental Hobby, Amur Falcon; the Jerdon`s and Black Baza; the Pallas`s, Grey-Headed, and Lesser Fish Eagles; Silver-Backed Needletail, etc. The other important bird species like the Mountain Imperial Pigeon, Blue-Naped Pitta, Slender-Billed Oriole, Hill Blue Flycatcher, White-Crowned Forktail, Sultan Tit, Black-Bellied Tern, Jerdon`s Babbler, Rufous-Backed Sibia, Yellow-Bellied Flowerpecker, Red-Throated Pipit, Long-Billed Plover, Ibisbill, etc. can also be found in the park.
The Nameri National Park is also well known as one of the most favourite tourist destinations in north-eastern India. Numerous nature lovers from different parts of India and also from all around the world come and visit the park, on a regular basis, for enjoying the beauty of nature. In this way, the Nameri National Park is making a wonderful contribution to the tourism sector of Assam.
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