Established in 1951, the Trivandrum Medical College (TMC) is considered to be one of the most notable medical institutions in the state of Kerala. The college is located in the district of Thiruvananthapuram and is controlled by the State Government of Kerala. The first Prime Minister of India, Pundit Jawaharlal Nehru inaugurated the college. Being recognised as the oldest and most prestigious medical institution in Kerala, the college is affiliated to the University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala.

Starting its journey as only a medical college, the Trivandrum Medical College (TMC), Thiruvananthapuram now posses a number of other medical institutions within its premises. The institutions include the College of Nursing, Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum Dental College, Sree Chitra Thirunal Institute of Medical Sciences and Technology, Priyadarshini Institute of Paramedical Sciences, Sree Avittam Thirunal Hospital for women and children etc. The college was established on recommendation of a committee, founded by the Government of Travancore in 1948. After the Committee submitted its report, the scheme was sanctioned in October, 1948. His Highness, Raja Pramuk of Travancore, Cochin laid down the foundation stone of the college on 26th January, 1950 and the first batch of students was admitted in the college, in August 1951. The Medical College Hospital started its operations in 1954.

The Trivandrum Medical College (TMC), Thiruvananthapuram started offering the BDS course and its first PG course from the year 1959. It developed and established a number of facilities during the 1960s, like the limb center, Mental hospital and Ophthalmic hospital. The Regional Institute of Ophthalmology came into existence later in 1990s. The college is currently being financed and administrated by the Health and Family welfare Department, Government of Kerala. The college started with an annual admission capacity of 60 students and its admission capacity was increased to 200 in 1983. The TMC, Thiruvananthapuram is ranked among the top 20 medical colleges in India, at the moment. At present, the college offers the courses like BDS, B.Pharm, B.Sc Nursing, and also conducts various Teachers Training Programmes.