
The decorative motifs in Muktesvara Temple speak volume about the sculpture of the Western Chalukyas. One of the recurring motifs or features at this Karnataka temple is the foliage sculpture as the original feature of this temple sculpture is abundant use of the foliage element. The vegetal stems, generally, run in a circular path on the stone slabs and end in a small ball. Within the circles there are three sculpted buds. From each circle a new stem is shown to develop and then it runs in a similar fashion. The entire image is intricately done. The flower buds have been placed on the top and bottom. At the end the motif there is outgrown crook-shaped foliage. This decorative motif appears at the lowest plinth of the base.
Another recurring motif in Muktesvara Temple is the jewellery design. This kind of sculpture is widely found on the ridges of the kumuda, a bevel shaped band. These kinds of sculptures have been done elaborately on the doorjambs. Other than this there is the image of the `hansa`, an aquatic white coloured bird that feeds on lotus stalks. In the Western Chalukya sculpture this bird has been represented as a duck. In the sculpted image at Muktesvara temple the `hansa` is presented as a bird that is walking with a flower bud in its beak. The friezes run around the base of the temple. The sculpted figure of a lion is also seen in Muktesvara Temple. The head of the lion has a large mouth with the canine teeth protruded. Large eyes, pointed ears and two long horns are the main features of this creature. The lion has been sculpted in several forms.
The makara motif is generally found on the pillar superstructure and the arches. Makara is the crocodile and it is used in the temple sculpture to represent the god of love, Kama. On the doorjambs one will once again come across the foliage sculpture. An open flower with four petals has been sculpted on the rhombus border. The `padma` flower or lotus is also a frequent decorative motif in the
sculpture of Muktesvara temple.
In a recess of the rangamandapa the image of Saptamukhis has been sculpted. This is a common feature of the Western Chalukya temples. Apart from the mythical figures a number of sculpted figures of gods and goddesses are has been etched out on the stone slabs. Brahma, Vishnu, Maheswar, Indra and Varaha are some of the common gods here. These gods have been carved on the walls of the temples along with their `vahanas` or vehicles.
Such detailed decorative motifs of Muktesvara temple adds to its beauty.
(Last Updated on : 5/04/2011)