The Ranji Trophy, 1983-84 saw the participation of a number of 24 teams that were coming from all the parts of India. All the teams had been participating in the tournament on a regular basis for the previous several editions and they were divided into five different zones by the tournament organisers, the BCCI. The teams played against each other within their respective zones first. After this they were promoted to the knock out level, after becoming one of the top teams in their zone. The participating teams in the Ranji Trophy, 1983-84 included the likes of Andhra, Assam, Baroda, Bengal, Bihar, Bombay, Delhi, Gujarat, Haryana, Hyderabad, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Punjab, Railways, Rajasthan, Saurashtra, Services, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and the Vidarbha.

Ranji Trophy 1983-84, Central Zone League Matches: The Central Zone of the Ranji Trophy, 1983-84 was comprised of 5 teams. The teams were the regular participants in the tournament and all of them were hailing from the Central region of India. The teams included the likes of Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Vidarbha and Railways and they played against each other in the zonal level league matches. All of them played with the same objective of becoming the topper in the zone and they were also vying for getting a chance in the knock out level of the tournament. However, only the teams like Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan eventually qualified for the knock out level, after collecting total points of 70 and 49, respectively from the zonal level league matches.

Ranji Trophy 1983-84, East Zone League Matches: All the regular 4 teams that had been playing in the tournament for the previous several editions took part under the East Zone of the Ranji Trophy, 1983-84, as well. The teams included the likes of Assam, Bengal, Bihar and Orissa and they were representing the Eastern region of India in the tournament. The teams competed with each other very hard for securing a birth in the knock out level of the tournament and they could do so, only by becoming one of the top two teams in the zone. The teams like Bengal and Orissa could eventually do so, as they earned 50 and 43 points, respectively, at the end of the zonal level league matches.

Ranji Trophy 1983-84, North Zone League Matches: A number of 5 teams played against each other under the North Zone in the Ranji Trophy, 1983-84 and the teams included the likes of Haryana, Delhi, Punjab, Services and Jammu & Kashmir. All the teams were coming from the Northern region of India and they were also the regular participants of the tournament. The teams took part in the zonal league matches for claiming the top spot in the zone and securing a birth in the knock out level of the tournament was also another principal aim of the teams. After the completion of the zonal level league matches, the teams like Haryana and Delhi became successful to do so from the zone. The Haryana team earned a total of 94 points and Delhi earned 90 points, at the end of the North Zone league matches.

Ranji Trophy 1983-84, South Zone League Matches: The South Zone of the Ranji Trophy, 1983-84 saw the participation of a number of 5 teams, including the likes of Karnataka, Kerala, Hyderabad, Andhra and Tamil Nadu. The teams were the regular participants in the tournament and they were representing different states from the Southern region of India in the tournament. The teams competed against each other in the zonal level league matches with the same view of becoming one of the top two teams in the zone. The teams were also trying hard to get a promotion to the knock out level of the tournament. However, the teams like Tamil Nadu and Hyderabad eventually entered into the knock out level from the zone and competed with the top teams of the other zones for the championship title. The Tamil Nadu team earned a total of 93 points and Hyderabad earned 79 points from the zonal level league matches.

Ranji Trophy 1983-84, West Zone League Matches: The teams like Baroda, Maharashtra, Saurashtra, Gujarat and Bombay played against each other under the West Zone of the Ranji Trophy, 1983-84. The teams were mainly representing different states from the Western region of India and they were also the regular participants of the tournament. After competing with each other in the zonal level league matches, the top two teams from the zone were promoted to the knock out level of the tournament. The top two teams in the West Zone were the Bombay and Baroda, as they earned a total of 100 and 42 points, respectively from the zonal level league matches. The teams competed with the top teams from the other zones in the knock out level of the tournament, for the championship title.

Ranji Trophy 1983-84, Knock out Matches: After the completion of the league matches in all the five zones of the competition, the top two teams from every zone entered into the knock out level of the Ranji Trophy, 1983-84. The ten teams that played against each other in the knock out matches of the Ranji Trophy, 1983-84 included the likes of Bengal, Delhi, Bombay, Orissa, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Hyderabad, Tamil Nadu and Baroda. The teams took part in the Pre-Quarter-Finals, Quarterfinals, Semi-Finals and Final match of the tournament and gave their best efforts to win the championship title. However, it was the Bombay team that regained the championship title, once again.