All the regular 4 teams that had been playing in the tournament for the previous several editions took part under the East Zone of the Ranji Trophy, 1983-84, as well. The teams included the likes of Assam, Bengal, Bihar and Orissa and they were representing the Eastern region of India in the tournament. The teams competed with each other very hard for securing a birth in the knock out level of the tournament and they could do so, only by becoming one of the top two teams in the zone. The teams like Bengal and Orissa could eventually do so, as they earned 50 and 43 points, respectively, at the end of the zonal level league matches.

The teams of Bihar and Assam clashed with each other in the first of the East Zone league matches in the Ranji Trophy, 1983-84 and the match took place at Dhanbad from 12-14 November, 1983. The Bihar team played very well in the match and earned 29 points from it, by clinching a victory of an innings and 80 runs. The second match of the East Zone saw the teams of Bihar and Bengal playing against each other at Dhanbad from 17-19 November, 1983. The match remained drawn during the specified period of time and the match officials awarded the Bengal and Bihar teams 8 and 6 points, respectively for the match.

In the third of the East Zone league matches in the Ranji Trophy, 1983-84, there was a clash between the teams of Orissa and Assam and the two teams played the match at Baripada from 17-19 November, 1983. The Orissa team was the winner of the match with a very good margin of an innings and 43 runs and it also earned 30 points from the match. The Assam team earned 1 point from the match, as well. The next match of the zone saw a battle between the teams of Bengal and Assam and the match was held at Calcutta from 22-24 November, 1983. Playing wonderfully in the match, the Bengal team clinched a victory of an innings and 127 runs for earning 30 points from the match. The match also earned the Assam team 2 points.

The clash between the teams of Orissa and Bihar took place in the fifth of the East Zone league matches in the Ranji Trophy, 1983-84 and the clash took place at Sambalpur from 22-24 November, 1983. The drawn match saw the Bihar team earning 7 points and Orissa earning 5 points, from it. The Orissa team appeared in the last match of the East Zone also and this time, it played against the Bengal team at Rourkela from 27-29 November, 1983. None of the teams could win the match and the match officials awarded the Bengal and Orissa teams 12 and 8 points, respectively for the drawn match.