The East Zone of the Ranji Trophy, 1972-73 saw no change in its team list, as all the regular four teams participated in this edition of the tournament. The teams included the likes of Bengal, Assam, Orissa and Bihar and they competed against each other in the zonal level for entering into the knock out level of the tournament. The Bengal and Bihar teams became the toppers in the zone, as usual and they also eventually got the chance to compete with the top teams of the other zones for the trophy, in the knock out level.

The first of the East Zone league matches in the Ranji Trophy, 1972-73 was played between the teams of Orissa and Bihar and the match was held at Bhagalpur from 05-07 December, 1972. The Bihar team got a very good start in the tournament, as it earned 8 valuable points from the match, by winning it with a margin of an innings and 116 runs. The teams of Bengal and Orissa then played against each other in the second match of the East Zone and the match took place at Calcutta from 10-12 December 1972. The Bengal team also got an expected good start in the tournament by winning this match with a margin of an innings and 76 runs and it earned 9 points from the match, as well.

The teams of Assam and Bihar were involved in the third of the East Zone league matches in the Ranji Trophy, 1972-73 and the match was held at Guwahati from 10-12 December, 1972. The Bihar team played very well in the match and clinched a victory of an innings and 106 runs for earning 8 points from it. The Bihar team appeared in the next match also and this time, it played against the Bengal team at Calcutta from 16-18 December 1972. The Bengal team dominated the Bihar team throughout the match and eventually clinched a huge victory of an innings and 258 runs for earning 8 valuable points from the match.

The teams of Assam and Orissa met with each other in the fifth match of the East Zone and the match took place at Guwahati from 16-18 December 1972. The Orissa team played extremely well in the match and defeated the Assam team by a huge margin of 10 wickets and earning 8 points from it to get into a better position in the point table. The last of the East Zone league matches in the Ranji Trophy, 1972-73 involved the teams of Bengal and Assam and the match was held at Guwahati from 21-22 December 1972. The Bengal team continued its wonderful form in this match also and clinched a huge victory of an innings and 75 runs for earning 8 points and also finishing the league matches, as the leader in the East Zone.