There were a number of 4 teams played under the Central Zone in the Ranji Trophy, 1959-60 and each of the teams played with the other once in the league stage. The top two teams of the Zone became successful to enter the knock out level of the tournament. The teams that participated in the Central Zone in this tournament included the likes of Vidarbha, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. The teams like Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan became the top two teams of the Central Zone and they went into the knock out level.

The first match of the Central Zone in the Ranji Trophy, 1959-60 was played between the teams of Vidarbha and Madhya Pradesh at Nagpur from 04-06 December, 1959. It was a very closely contested match between the two teams and as the Vidarbha played became successful to keep their heads cool in crucial situations, Vidarbha won the match by 3 wickets. The team also earned 8 valuable points from the match. The Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh teams then met with each other in the second match of the Zone at Udaipur from 12-14 January, 1960. The match was drawn during its stipulated duration and the match officials awarded the Madhya Pradesh team 5 points and Rajasthan 3 points for the match.

The Rajasthan team then played against the Uttar Pradesh team at Udaipur from 16-18 January, 1960 and this match was also a drawn one. The match saw the Rajasthan team earning 6 points and Uttar Pradesh earning 3 points from it. The next match of the Central Zone in the Ranji Trophy, 1959-60 featured the teams of Rajasthan and Vidarbha and the match was held at Udaipur from 21-23 January, 1960. The Rajasthan team became successful to earn the full 9 points from the match, as it won it by 8 wickets.

The teams of Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh clashed with each other in the fifth match of the Zone and the match took place at Indore from 22-24 January, 1960. The match saw the Madhya Pradesh team winning by a huge margin of 8 wickets. The last match of the Central Zone in the Ranji Trophy, 1959-60 was played between the teams of Uttar Pradesh and Vidarbha at Nagpur from 27-29 January, 1960. The officials declared the match as a drawn one.