The entire society was divided into four castes. Brahmans ware given the highest respect. Brahmans were entitled to receive charity and to study Vedas. The teaching work was also performed by the Brahmans. There were many branches and Gotra of Brahmans.

The Kshatriyas performed administrative works and acted in accordance with the instructions of the Vedas. Vaishyas and Sudras did farming and trades. Usually low type of trades were in the hands of Sudras while Vaishyas did high class of trades.

Condition of women: The condition of women was deteriorating. Women were not entitled to receive education or study the Vedas. Due to the practice of polygamy in the society, the condition of women was deteriorating. There are some references wherein on the death of their husbands, wives burnt themselves along with their husbands. This shows that sati pratha was prevalent at that time. However, there are also references of some exceptional women. During the reign of Govind Chandra a women named Jambuki was pattalika. Princesses were given education. There are also some references of poems composed by women.

Education: Men were given education during this period. Kings Chandradeva, Govind Chandra etc, were themselves great scholars and were staunch followers of Brahmanism. Lakshmi Dhar was the prominent scholar of this period and his `Krat-kal-pataru` was his famous work. During the reign of Jaya Chandra, Sri Harsha wrote many works. The most prominent among them are `Naishadha charit and `Khandau-Khand Khaddh.`