Tropical rainforest is one of the earth`s most spectacular natural wonders! It seems to be mysterious for many people. Tropical rainforests are around the Earth`s equator. These rainforests are the oldest living ecosystem on Earth. Tropical rainforests are the Earth`s most complex biome (structure and species diversity). A place of wilderness, where there are lots of trees and few people living in. In fact, they are so called because they grow in those parts of the world where there is heavy rain all the year round. Rainforests are characterized by high rainfall, with rainfall of 100-600cm a year. For this reason, the soil can be poor because high rainfall tends to leach out soluble nutrients. Oxisols, infertile, and deeply weathered, have developed on the ancient Gondwanan shields. Rapid bacterial decay prevents the accumulation of humus. They flourish in or near the tropics, the hot regions that lay either side of the equator. The atmosphere in a tropical rainforest is permanently humid - hot and damp.

A rainforest is often referred to as a jungle, which is a Hindi word from India meaning a wilderness. A true jungle is a thick mesh of vegetation, through which people have to force and cut their way. Rainforests contain patches of jungle, but mainly they are more open. The forest floor is covered with rotting leaves. Rainforest trees are very tall broadleaved evergreens. The tallest trees have buttress roots, wing-like growths that spread out from the base of the trunk to act as props, while others have stilt roots, which grow down from the trunk or branches, often in graceful arches. All the trees carry their branches and leaves at the top of long slender trunks, forming a huge umbrella-like green canopy. The dense canopy filters much of the daylight, leaving a shady green world beneath it.

The rainforests contain more different species of plants and animals than any other part of the world - even more than the oceans that cover nearly three-quarters of the earth. Rainforests are home to two-thirds of all the living animal and plant species on the planet. It has been estimated that many hundreds of millions of new species of plants, insects, and microorganisms are still undiscovered and as yet unnamed by science. Tropical rain forests are called the "jewel of the earth", and the "world`s largest pharmacy" because of the large amount of natural medicines discovered there. For example, rainforests contain the "basic ingredients of birth control hormones, cocaine, stimulants, and tranquilizing drugs". Curare (a paralyzing drug) and quinine (a malaria cure) are also found there. Scientists believe that the cures for many more diseases will be discovered there in the future. Currently, 121 prescription drugs currently sold worldwide come from plant-derived sources. And while 25% of Western pharmaceuticals are derived from rainforest ingredients, less than 1% of these tropical trees and plants have been tested by scientists. There are several common characteristics of tropical rainforest trees. Tropical rainforest species frequently possess one or more of the following attributes not commonly seen in trees of higher latitudes or trees in drier conditions on the same latitude.

Some plants that live in the tropical rainforest are the Bengal Bamboo, Bougainvillea, Curare, Coconut tree, Durian, Jambu, Kapok tree, Mangrove forests, Strangler figs, and Tualang. The Bengal Bamboo is found at the Southern of Asia. The Bougainvillea is found in South America. The Coconut tree is found in hot places like Africa and Asia. The Durian is found in southern Asia. The Jambu is found in somewhere in southern India to eastern Malaya. The Kapok tree is found in the emergent in the South of Asia. The Mangrove forest is found in the south of Asia. The Strangler fig is found in southern Asia. The Tualang is found in southern Asia. Forests in New Guinea alone contain 251 tree species with edible fruits, of which only 43 had been established as cultivated crops by 1985.

Many tree species have broad, woody flanges (buttresses) at the base of the trunk. Originally believed to help support the tree, now it is believed that the buttresses channel stem flow and its dissolved nutrients to the roots.

Large leaves are common among trees and shrubs of the understory and forest floor layers. Young individuals of trees destined for the canopy and emergent layers may also have large leaves. When they reach the canopy new leaves will be smaller. The large leaf surfaces helps intercept light in the sun-dappled lower strata of the forest and are made possible because the lower layers are largely protected from winds which damage large leaves in the canopy. Canopy leaves are usually smaller than found in understory plants or are divided to reduce wind damage. The leaves of rainforest understory trees also often have drip tips, which facilitate drainage of precipitation off the leaf to promote transpiration and inhibit the growth of microbes, and bryphytes, which would damage or smother the leaf.

Trees are often well connected in the canopy layer especially by the growth of woody climbers known as lianas or by plants with epiphytic adaptations, allowing them to grow on top of existing trees in the competition for sunlight.

Other characteristics those are more frequent in tropical rainforest tree species than in temperate forests or drier tropical regions include: