The Rajmahal Hills are named after the town of Rajmahal which lies in the east of Jharkhand. The hills are pointed in a north-south axis with an average elevation of 200-300 metres(600-1000 feet) above mean sea level. It starts from Sahibganj district and ends up in Dumka district. The River Ganges wanders around the hills changing the direction of flow from east direction to south direction. The hills span over an area of one hundred and twenty miles and are located between 25° North latitude and 87° East longitude.

The upper regions of the Rajmahal hills are inhabited by the Sauria Pahariya tribe while the valleys are dominated by the Santhal tribe who use the land for cultivation.